Hyperopia Definition Hyperopia is a vision problem of having difficulty seeing objects that are near and rather see things clearly at a distance. It is also known as farsightedness or long sightedness. It is a result of imperfection in the eye having too short for an eyeball and the lens is not round enough. Focus of hyperopia is behind the retina when the light enters the eye instead of directly to it. Hyperopia is often associated with blurred vision for older people aged 40 years and above due to the inability of the lens to accommodate light as a result of aging process. In younger people and with mild hyperopia, [...]
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Brain Eating Amoeba
by on 28. Feb, 2012 in Diseases and Conditions
What is Brain Eating Amoeba? Brain Eating Amoeba is a single-celled organism from the specie of Naegleria. There are many species of Naegleria but only the Naegleria fowleri is known to cause human disease. They belong to a group of Heterolobosea. It was first identified in Australia in 1965 and is believed to have evolved in the United States. The amoeba-flagellates human disease was first identified by 2 physicians M. Fowler and R. F. Carter whose work provided an example of how protozoan can freely live in the environment and human host. Fowleri termed the infection from Naegleria fowleri as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis distinguishing its invasion of the central nervous [...]
Hyperprolactinemia
by on 23. Feb, 2012 in Diseases and Conditions
What is Hyperprolactinemia? Hyperprolactinemia is defined as a condition of elevated serum prolactin which is the most common endocrine disorder involving hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Prolactin is peptide hormone produced in the anterior pituitary gland particularly of the lactotroph cells. The function is vital in the development of breast during pregnancy by stimulation of epithelial cells to induce milk production and maintenance especially important in breastfeeding. Ovulation may be suppressed during lactation and breastfeeding as a result of suppression in gonadotropins by prolactin but may commence before menstruation begins. Hyperprolactinemia in Men Normal level of prolactin in blood for men is less than 450mIU/L. Increased level of prolactin in men is an [...]
Visual Acuity
by on 21. Feb, 2012 in Eye Care
Visual Acuity Definition Visual Acuity refers to the acuteness or clearness of vision. It measures how one can see well. It is simply defined as the smallest visible feature the eyes can distinguish. In 1861 the term visual acuity was thought of by Franciscus Donders describing the sharpness of vision defining it at a ratio between the visual acuity of the subject and the standard visual acuity. Dr. Hermann Snellen, a Dutch Ophthalmologist, published his famous letter chart using what he called optotypes in 1862. The design was based on 5×5 grid and Snellen defined standard vision as the ability to recognize one of his optotypes. The chart devised by [...]
Menometrorrhagia
by on 18. Feb, 2012 in Women's Health
Menometrorrhagia Definition Menometrorrhagia is defined as prolonged uterine bleeding that occurs at irregular intervals and more frequently than the expected normal menstrual cycle of a woman. A woman of reproductive age experiences a monthly cycle or menstruation due to the rise and fall in the hormone. Menstrual blood is a composition of blood and tissues that shed in the uterus when pregnancy does not occur. The uterus normally prepare every for the possibility of pregnancy but however, shed and bleed if pregnancy does not occur. Menstrual blood passes out through the vagina. Normal menstrual cycle occurs every 28 days to 30 days of every month with duration of 2 to 7 [...]
Eye Strain
by on 17. Feb, 2012 in Eye Care
What is Eye Strain? Eye Strain is a discomfort in the eyes as a result of intense use such as reading and using a computer for prolonged period. Asthenopia is the medical term describing eye strain. It is extremely common and affecting almost all people. Ciliary body of the eye muscles which is responsible for accommodation is what is greatly affected by straining due to keeping the eye muscles in one position for a long period of time. It is annoying but is always not serious and usually goes away after resting the eyes. Eyestrain however, can indicate underlying eye condition and may be a symptom. Bad case of eyestrain [...]
Lower Back Pain in Early Pregnancy
by on 16. Feb, 2012 in Women's Health
Is Lower Back Pain in Early Pregnancy Normal? Lower back pain in early pregnancy is normal unless the pain is associated with an underlying infection of the bladder and kidney. The pain in lower back is usually experienced on the 8th or 12th week of pregnancy. (Refer : Pregnancy symptoms week by week) Lower back pain in early pregnancy is due to the effects of the hormone progesterone. The ligaments and discs in the back that supports the upper body are softening as a result of progesterone. Lower Back Pain in Early Pregnancy Causes Signs and symptoms of pregnancy may be a discomfort to pregnant women. Morning sickness, breast tenderness [...]
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