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“Diabetes mellitus”, is the scientific term used for the common, door-to-door disease diabetes. All diseases are born with certain risk factors and complications so is the disease diabetes. The clues, which are diagnosed, are the pathways for complications. One should not avoid these complications.
Many types of diabetes are found and the risks related to each are different from one another. The names of the few known types of diabetes are diabetes type 1 and type 2, diabetes insipidus, diabetes hypoglycemia and lots more. The common risks related to diabetes are as follows:
1. Risks Related to Type 1 Diabetes
The main cause of the type1 has not been found yet. According to many doctors, the honor goes to the family. Doctors say that this type is a genetic one and an individual inherits from his parents. The risk factor for this type is that the level of blood sugar increases if the same type exists in the individual’s parent. The factor related to it is, continuous exposure in the arena of viral illness.
2. Risks for Prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes
People are still searching the main reason as to why type2 and prediabetis develop in some while others are left untouched. The sub factors, which lead to this genre of the disease, are:
Weight
The fatty tissue are resistant to the insulin .The work of the insulin is hampered with presence of fatty tissues, as cells do not gain much from it.
Family history
Family plays a major role in spreading diabetes .If any of the family members carry the type2 then it is quite possible for an individual to possess the disease.
Age
As a person moves forward with his life and becomes aged the risk of getting diabetes is faster. The risk factor starts from the age of 45.As a person grows old the power in the muscle tends to become weak. There is loss of energy and a person tends to gain weight.
Inactivity
The more an individual runs around and does work which involves physical activity, such individuals are less prone to the disease. The main reason behind this is, more the body uses up glucose more does the cells become sensitive to insulin.
Gestational diabetes
If during the time of pregnancy, someone develops gestational diabetes then the mother is prone towards prediabetes and type2 diabetes. Moreover, if the baby delivered is more than 9 pounds then again there is a risk for the similar type.
Other important factors for diabetes
High blood pressure, high levels of bad cholesterol, and low levels of good cholesterol. All these factors act as a needle for diabetes. Many a times one must have heard people saying that with cholesterol I have been attacked by diabetes, the reason behind the said concept is less or high level of either of two cholesterol.
Factors responsible for gestational diabetes
Any woman of the age 25 or more is prone towards it; even obesity plays a huge role in this.
Certainly, the risks are dangerous and if not taken care in the early stages of life then it would prove vital in the later stages of life. With the risks there are various complications related to it.
Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complications
NEUROPATHY
If the level of sugar increases in our body, it tends to corrode the tiny blood vessels present especially in the legs. Owing to such damage most of the time there is numbness, tingling, and muscle pain in the leg. These affect the toe area first and then gradually it increases upward in months or years. If these things are left untreated then one may lose all sense of feelings in the affected limb. This complication can be relieved by proper physical activity but it will for sure aggravate with cold. Muscle cramping and tenderness are also part of these complications. Sexual complications such as erectile problems do occur when the male counterpart has diabetes.
NEPHROPATHY
Glomureli is the cluster of blood vessels present in the kidney, which helps in the filtration of the waste products. If this vessel is damaged then it might lead to kidney failure. Wide ranges of renal damages are attached with this particular disease. It specially attacks those people who are suffering from the disease for a quiet a long time now. It is less frequent than retinopathy. Reports say that out of the 200 people who have survived for almost 20 years now, show the tendency of having nephropathy.
BLINDNESS or RETINOPATHY
If the blood vessels of the retina are damaged then permanent blindness may occur and this is incurable. It takes 10-15 years for this particular thing to develop. The good news is that with the development of laser therapy this complication can be cured. Vision related problems are associated with people who are diabetic. Most of the diabetic patients develop retinopathy if the level of blood sugar is acute.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
It is the final result of type1 and type2 diabetes. Most of the patients die due to this complication. It is cardiovascular I nature but in 20-25% cases it is cerebrovascular and micro vascular in nature. Such an acute condition arises with more aggravated vascular changes.
COMPLICATIONS IN THE BABY
Due to gestational diabetes, complications can be seen in babies. Complications such as excess growth of the baby, low blood sugar, jaundice, problem in the respiratory system are seen.
DIGESTIVE DISORDES
There are people who often complain about indigestion, abdominal pain, ulcers, irregular bowel syndrome.So huge are the list of complications that it itself says that diabetes is a slow killer of the Homo sapiens and one should take all the measures to avoid diabetes.
KETOACIDOSIS
This is one such complication, which is caused due to the lack of insulin in the body. One of the natural by-products of fat metabolism is ketones.Poorly-managed diabetes gives rise to chemical imbalance in the body known as ketoacidosis and this in turn gives birth to a fatal condition diabetic coma.
INFECTIONS
Diabetic patients are more prone towards infections. Problems like asymptomatic bacteriuria, re-activation of tuberculosis, infections in the wounds. If these people have cut, it takes them more time to dry up.
